We use cookies (including third-party cookies such as Google) to remember your site preferences and to help us understand how visitors use our sites so we can improve them. To learn more, please see our privacy policy and our cookie policy.

To agree to our use of cookies, click 'Accept' or choose 'Options' to set your preferences by cookie type.

Options Accept
BullionVault

CHARTS

  • English
  • Deutsch
  • Español
  • Français
  • Italiano
  • Polski
  • 日本語
  • 简体中文
  • 繁體中文
  • Daily audit
  • Help
  • Contact
  • Deposit
  • Login
  • Open account
  • ABOUT US
    • About BullionVault
    • In the press
    • Reviews
    BUY/SELL BULLION
    • Vaulted gold & silver
    • -Live order board
    • -Daily Price
    • Coins for delivery (UK)
    INVESTMENT GUIDE
    • Guide to gold
    • -How to buy gold
    • -Gold investment
    • -Gold investment plan
    • -Investment insurance
    • -Compare asset performance
    • Guide to silver
    • -How to buy silver
    • Guide to platinum
    • -How to buy platinum
    GOLD NEWS
    • Gold news front page
    • -Gold price news
    • -Opinion & analysis
    • -Market fundamentals
    • -Gold/Silver Investor Index
    • -Infographics
    CHARTS
    • Gold price
    • Silver price
    • Platinum price
    • Price alerts
  • Login
  • Open account
  • BUY/SELL BULLION
  • Vaulted gold & silver
    • ⤷
    • Live order board
    • Daily Price
  • Coins for delivery (UK)
  • INVESTMENT GUIDE
  • Guide to gold
    • ⤷
    • How to buy gold
    • Gold investment
    • Gold investment plan
    • Investment insurance
    • Compare asset performance
  • Guide to silver
    • ⤷
    • How to buy silver
  • Guide to platinum
    • ⤷
    • How to buy platinum
  • GOLD NEWS
  • Gold news front page
    • ⤷
    • Gold price news
    • Opinion & analysis
    • Market fundamentals
    • Gold/Silver Investor Index
    • Infographics
  • CHARTS
  • Gold price
  • Silver price
  • Platinum price
  • Price alerts
  • ABOUT US
  • About BullionVault
  • In the press
  • Reviews
  • Help
  • Contact
  • Daily audit
    • English
    • Deutsch
    • Español
    • Français
    • Italiano
    • Polski
    • 日本語
    • 简体中文
    • 繁體中文

Gold News

Live support

NEED HELP? ASK US NOW

Search form

Gold News front page

Gold Price News

Gold Erases Week's $25 Gain as Factory-Gate Inflation Spike Sees Everything Fall But the Dollar

More...

Gold Investing In Depth

Learn about gold bullion bars

Learn about gold bullion coins (and costs)

Gold investment: Why & how?

Gold Investment Analysis

  • Latest Gold Investor Index
  • Diversification: Gold as investment insurance
  • 40-year Asset Performance Comparison Table

Gold Articles

Opinion & Analysis

Gold Price News

Investment News

Gold in History

Gold Books

Gold Investor Index

Gold Infographics

Archive

  • April 2021 (9)
  • March 2021 (26)
  • February 2021 (23)
  • January 2021 (25)
  • December 2020 (24)
More...

List of authors

China Replays Pre-2008

Wednesday, 3/06/2019 09:01

GDP threat of social unrest spurs SPVs...

CHINA's economic data is always worth taking with a pinch of salt, writes John Stepek – editor of MoneyWeek and author of the newly published Sceptical Investor (Harriman House) – in his free Money Morning email.

The figures are always going to say what the men in charge want them to say. If that means they need to be fiddled, so be it.

So it's interesting that – despite this widely-acknowledged unreliability – China has just come out and cut its growth target to the lowest since 1990.

Chinese premier Li Keqiang addressed the National People's Congress this week. Among other things, he noted that China's growth target this year will be 6-6.5%, down from a target of 6.5% last year.

Given that Chinese GDP figures can effectively be whatever the party wants, you have to understand this as a political message.

China is acknowledging that things are a bit tough. It's blaming that mainly on the US-China trade war (more on that in a moment). And Li promised an array of sweeteners in the Budget-style speech – from tax cuts for various business sectors, to boosting elements of the welfare state.

It doesn't help that this year is the 30th anniversary of the Tiananmen Square protests. A lot in China has changed since then. It has disrupted the global trading system in a big way. It has become the world's second-biggest economy, and arguably eclipsed Russia as the main rival to the US.

Yet China still faces a fundamental problem: its social contract has not changed. Here's the deal: the Communist party gets to stay in charge, be authoritarian, and (quietly) enjoy the spoils of power; the citizens behave themselves. Social media eradicates all mention of things like Tiananmen Square.

In exchange, citizens are allowed to enjoy a slowly improving standard of living and a certain level of economic freedom. That's the trade off.

Problem is, slowing economic growth or recession are not conducive to social harmony. If people don't have jobs, they cause trouble. If people feel that life tomorrow is not likely to be any better than it is today, then they cause trouble.

"Trouble" in a democracy results in politicians losing their seats. "Trouble" in a dictatorship results in politicians losing their heads. (This is mature democracy's fundamental – and in my view, much under-rated – benefit.)

This is why China is blaming the US trade war for the slowdown. It's also always better to blame these things on external forces, particularly hostile foreign governments. That way you can offset internal dissent with an appeal to nationalism.

The trade war is indeed a problem for China. But a bigger issue is probably the fact that China decided to try to clean up its debt-ridden financial system. And it now looks as though that mop-up attempt is at an end.

China has not announced any new 2008-style, big-spending stimulus package. But clearly the focus has switched to propping up the economy rather than cleaning out the piles of bad debt festering in every other corner.

"Beijing has found a new way to finance its spending, off the books and under the radar for outside observers," says Shuli Ren on Bloomberg, who notes that China is in fact boosting spending by a lot more than might seem obvious from the headline figures. It's new secret weapon debt vehicle is "special purpose bonds".

You may or may not remember "special purpose vehicles" (SPVs) from the 2008 financial crisis. SPVs were set up by banks as a way to issue more mortgage-backed debt.

The SPV did not appear on the bank's balance sheet. So it meant that the bank could continue to issue more and more mortgage debt without needing to hold more capital. The problem was that while, technically, the SPV was at arm's length from the bank, in reality, it was on the hook when the loans went bad.

So now Beijing is using something similar to sweep debt away from local government balance sheets. In this case, the justification is simple. This debt is attached to specific projects. Those projects are effectively self-funding – they generate enough cash to pay the debt and the interest. "Therefore the credit profile of these bonds is independent of a local government's fiscal situation."

It's the same old scam, in other words. You find an intellectual fig leaf to cover for the fact that your debt-glutted economy needs more debt just to keep ticking over, and then you make sure the credit keeps pumping out there.

Apparently, by the end of last year, $1.1trn-worth of these bonds had been issued, and this year, plans are to issue even more. Most of that money will be spent on infrastructure.

As a result of all this borrowing and spending, HSBC estimates that China is running a deficit (the amount the government overspends relative to the taxes it takes in) of 8% of GDP. That's hefty (for perspective, the European Union doesn't like deficits to go above 3%, and the UK's is currently below 2%).

The question, of course, is: what does all of this mean for your money?

It's perhaps small wonder that Chinese stocks have taken off this year. They were widely disliked and cheap, which makes them the natural epicentre of any burst of "risk-on" feeling. Also – and importantly – Chinese stocks have just been given a bigger weighting by powerful index provider MSCI, which means more passive funds have to buy them.

Will it continue? A trade deal would help. But what's probably more important is that global central banks follow through on their recent shift from tighter monetary policy. In particular, those looking for a lasting recovery in markets should be looking for a weaker Dollar.

In the meantime, if you're keen to play China's rally, I'd be more inclined to invest in general emerging markets. China is still too much of a black box for my liking when it comes to corporate governance and the reliability of balance sheet data.

  • Reddit logo
  • Facebook logo
  • Twitter logo
  • Google logo
  • Yahoo logo
  • LinkedIn logo
  • Digg logo
  • StumbleUpon logo
  • Technorati logo

Launched alongside the UK's highly popular The Week digest of global and national news in 2001, MoneyWeek magazine mixes a concise reading of the latest financial events with expert comment and investment ideas.

Please Note: All articles published here are to inform your thinking, not lead it. Only you can decide the best place for your money, and any decision you make will put your money at risk. Information or data included here may have already been overtaken by events – and must be verified elsewhere – should you choose to act on it. Please review our Terms & Conditions for accessing Gold News.

Follow Us

Facebook Youtube Twitter LinkedIn

 

Mobile apps

 - live trading 24/7

 - buy & sell instantly

 - up-to-the-second charts

 

 

 

Daily news email
Go to 'communications settings' 

Get the latest daily gold price news free by email

Latest gold news by email

 

 

 

Gold Investor Index
2 March 2021

Silver Investor Index

Silver beats gold again

 

 

 

LBMA webinar
21 January 2021

LBMA

London gold trading

 

 

 

Bloomberg TV
1 February 2021

Bloomberg TV

r/silver-surge

 

 

 

ET Now
3 March 2021

Gold drop

Gold's big drop

 

 

 

  •  Email us

Market Fundamentals

  • Central-Bank Gold Buying 'Moderate' But 'Highly Symbolic' in 2021
  • Green Energy: Platinum Key to New 'Hydrogen Catapult'
  • 2021 Gold Price to Rise 11.5%: LBMA Forecast
More...
  • Cost calculator
  • Cookies
  • Terms & conditions

©BullionVault Ltd 2005-

  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn
  • YouTube

Save your cookie preferences

We use cookies to remember your site preferences, record your referrer and improve the performance of our site. For more information, see our cookie policy.

Please select an option below and 'Save' your preferences.

Save

You can update your cookie preferences at any time from the 'Cookies' link in the footer.

Secure auto-logout warning

You have not been active for some time.

For your security you will be logged out in   minutes unless you take action.